cǎojià bǎiyàn 草架擺驗

Note

Caojia baiyan is found in Qing dynasty documents such as the Gongcheng zuofa 工程做法 (Gongbu 1773, 62.23b), Yuanmingyuan neigong zeli 圓明園內工則例 (Guan 1644-1911, 24), and Yangzhou huafang lu 揚州畫舫錄 (Li 1795, 17.7b). Literally meaning a “rough-frame verification assembly,” it refers to a trial assembly of the bracket-set construction in Qing dynasty official-style architecture (Pan and He 2005, 105). Once the trial assembly is complete and determined to be structurally sound, the bracket-set is dismantled for refinement, after which it is reassembled as the final building frame. The term is frequently seen today in the sections on bracketing found in technical manuals for recreations of traditional-style buildings (Jiangsu sheng jianwei gongcheng jianshe biaozhun ding'e zhan and Suzhou shi gongcheng jianshe biaozhun ding'e zhan 1989, 243; Zhongguo jianshe gongcheng zaojia guanli xiehui 2004, 123). Caojia baiyan is also related to the Qing dynasty term shanjia 扇架, and corresponds to the Song dynasty term zhanzhuai 展拽, as well as pinzhuang 拼裝 in the Jiangnan region. In some texts, caojia baiyan could be abbreviated to caoyan 草驗 (Ma 2003, 271).1

“草架擺驗”指清官式建築營建中斗科的試裝。“草架擺驗”見於清代文獻《工程做法》（工部 1773，62.23b）、《圓明園內工則例》(官 1644-1911，24)及《揚州畫舫錄》（李 1795，17.7b)，為斗科工匠的任務之一。現代多出現於仿古建築工程文獻中有關斗栱的部分（江蘇省建委工程建設標準定額站和蘇州市工程建設標準定額站 1989，243；中國建設工程造價管理協會 2004，123）。潘谷西先生指出《工程做法》中“草架擺驗”是正式安裝前的地面試裝（潘和何 2005，105），作為清代建築術語的“草架擺驗”還與術語“扇架”、宋代“展拽”、江南“拼裝”相對應（潘2001，562）。此外，在一些文獻中，斗栱的試裝也被稱為“草驗”（馬 2003，271）。1

Related concepts

扇架 shànjià

展拽 zhǎnzhuāi

拼裝 pīnzhuāng

Broad Match: building frame