dǒukē 斗科

Note

Meaning, literally, a category or branch (ke 科, Kroll, Hanyu dacidian) of bearing block(s) (dou 斗), the term douke 斗科 was used in Ming and Qing official records as an alternative term for dougong (see He 1615, 5.9b and Gongcheng zuofa (GCZF 1734). When used to name a specific type or location of dougong, it can be abbreviated with the single character ke 科, such as in the case of intercolumnar bracket sets (pingshenke 平身科) (GCZF 1734, 15.10b). Liang Sicheng was the first modern scholar to refer to douke as dougong (Liang 1981, 21), and most modern scholars continue this usage (e.g. Guo 2002, 33).

斗科涵義等同於斗栱。作為建築術語僅見於明清官刊文獻。（如，何 1615, 5.9b） 。在用於命名某一具體類型或者具體位置的斗栱時，可簡稱為“科”，如平身科（工部1734，15.10b）。在當代對明清官式建築的研究中，梁思成最先將斗科稱為斗栱（梁 1981，21 ），這一用法被現代學者普遍沿用（如 Guo 2002,33）。

Broad Match: bracketing